← 2.4
Act 3, Scene 1 — Rome. Before the Capitol; the Senate sitting.
on stage:
Next: 3.2 →
Original
Faithful Conversational Text-message
The argument Caesar arrives at the Capitol, dismisses Artemidorus's warning letter, is stabbed to death by the conspirators, and Antony arrives to mourn, shake every bloody hand, and — once alone with the body — prophecy civil war and let slip the dogs of war.
A crowd of people in the street leading to the Capitol. Flourish. Enter
Caesar, Brutus, Cassius, Casca, Decius, Metellus, Trebonius, Cinna,
Antony, Lepidus, Artemidorus, Publius, Popilius and the Soothsayer.
CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

The Ides of March are come.

The Ides of March are come.

The Ides of March are come.

the ides of march are come

SOOTHSAYER Speaking from personal perspective

Ay, Caesar; but not gone.

Ay, Caesar; but not gone.

Ay, Caesar; but not gone.

ay, caesar; but not gone

ARTEMIDORUS Speaking from personal perspective

Hail, Caesar! Read this schedule.

Hail, Caesar! Read this schedule.

Hail, Caesar! Read this schedule.

hail, caesar

DECIUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Trebonius doth desire you to o’er-read,

At your best leisure, this his humble suit.

Trebonius does desire you to o’er-read, At your best leisure, this his humble suit.

Trebonius does desire you to o’er-read, At your best leisure, this his humble suit.

trebonius doth desire you to o’er-read, at your best leisure, this his humble suit

ARTEMIDORUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

O Caesar, read mine first; for mine’s a suit

That touches Caesar nearer. Read it, great Caesar.

O Caesar, read mine first; for mine’s a suit That touches Caesar nearer. Read it, great Caesar.

O Caesar, read mine first; for mine’s a suit That touches Caesar nearer. Read it, great Caesar.

o caesar, read mine first; for mine’s a suit that touches caesar nearer

CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

What touches us ourself shall be last serv’d.

What touches us ourself shall be last serv’d.

What touches us ourself shall be last serv’d.

what touches us ourself shall be last serv’d

"What touches us ourself shall be last serv'd" Caesar's noble-sounding principle — that public business takes precedence over personal concerns — is the exact mechanism that kills him. Artemidorus's letter is a personal warning, so it gets set aside. Caesar's magnanimity is his death sentence.
ARTEMIDORUS Speaking from personal perspective

Delay not, Caesar. Read it instantly.

Delay not, Caesar. Read it instantly.

Delay not, Caesar. Read it instantly.

delay not, caesar

CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

What, is the fellow mad?

What, is the fellow mad?

What, is the fellow mad?

what, is the fellow mad

PUBLIUS Speaking from personal perspective

Sirrah, give place.

sir, give place.

sir, give place.

sirrah, give place

CASSIUS Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

What, urge you your petitions in the street?

Come to the Capitol.

Caesar enters the Capitol, the rest following. All the Senators rise.

What, urge you your petitions in the street? Come to the Capitol. Caesar enters the Capitol, the rest following. All the Senators rise.

What, urge you your petitions in the street? Come to the Capitol. Caesar enters the Capitol, the rest following. All the Senators rise.

what, urge you your petitions in the street

POPILIUS Speaking from personal perspective

I wish your enterprise today may thrive.

I wish your enterprise today may thrive.

I wish your enterprise today may thrive.

i wish your enterprise today may thrive

CASSIUS Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

What enterprise, Popilius?

What enterprise, Popilius?

What enterprise, Popilius?

what enterprise, popilius

POPILIUS Speaking from personal perspective

Fare you well.

Fare you well.

Fare you well.

fare you well

[_Advances to Caesar._]
BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

What said Popilius Lena?

What said Popilius Lena?

What said Popilius Lena?

what said popilius lena

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

He wish’d today our enterprise might thrive.

I fear our purpose is discovered.

He wish’d today our enterprise might thrive. I fear our purpose is discovered.

He wish’d today our enterprise might thrive. I fear our purpose is discovered.

he wish’d today our enterprise might thrive

BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Look how he makes to Caesar: mark him.

Look how he makes to Caesar: mark him.

Look how he makes to Caesar: mark him.

look how he makes to caesar: mark him

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Casca, be sudden, for we fear prevention.

Brutus, what shall be done? If this be known,

Cassius or Caesar never shall turn back,

For I will slay myself.

Casca, be sudden, for we fear prevention. Brutus, what shall be done? If this be known, Cassius or Caesar never shall turn back, For I will slay myself.

Casca, be sudden, for we fear prevention. Brutus, what shall be done? If this be known, Cassius or Caesar never shall turn back, For I will slay myself.

casca, be sudden, for we fear prevention

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Cassius, be constant:

Popilius Lena speaks not of our purposes;

For look, he smiles, and Caesar doth not change.

Cassius, be constant: Popilius Lena speaks not of our purposes; For look, he smiles, and Caesar does not change.

Cassius, be constant: Popilius Lena speaks not of our purposes; For look, he smiles, and Caesar doesn't change.

cassius, be constant: popilius lena speaks not of our purposes; for look, he smiles, and caesar doth not change

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Trebonius knows his time, for look you, Brutus,

He draws Mark Antony out of the way.

Trebonius knows his time, for look you, Brutus, He draws Mark Antony out of the way.

Trebonius knows his time, for look you, Brutus, He draws Mark Antony out of the way.

trebonius knows his time, for look you, brutus, he draws mark antony out of the way

[_Exeunt Antony and Trebonius. Caesar and the Senators take their
seats._]
DECIUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Where is Metellus Cimber? Let him go,

And presently prefer his suit to Caesar.

Where is Metellus Cimber? Let him go, And presently prefer his suit to Caesar.

Where is Metellus Cimber? Let him go, And presently prefer his suit to Caesar.

where is metellus cimber

BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

He is address’d; press near and second him.

He is address’d; press near and second him.

He is address’d; press near and second him.

he is address’d; press near and second him

CINNA Speaking from personal perspective

Casca, you are the first that rears your hand.

Casca, you are the first that rears your hand.

Casca, you're the first that rears your hand.

casca, you are the first that rears your hand

CAESAR ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Are we all ready? What is now amiss

That Caesar and his Senate must redress?

Are we all ready? What is now amiss That Caesar and his Senate must redress?

Are we all ready? What is now amiss That Caesar and his Senate must redress?

are we all ready

METELLUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Most high, most mighty, and most puissant Caesar,

Metellus Cimber throws before thy seat

An humble heart.

Most high, most mighty, and most puissant Caesar, Metellus Cimber throws before your seat An humble heart.

Most high, most mighty, and most puissant Caesar, Metellus Cimber throws before your seat An humble heart.

most high, most mighty, and most puissant caesar, metellus cimber throws before thy seat an humble heart

[_Kneeling._]
CAESAR ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

I must prevent thee, Cimber.

These couchings and these lowly courtesies

Might fire the blood of ordinary men,

And turn pre-ordinance and first decree

Into the law of children. Be not fond,

To think that Caesar bears such rebel blood

That will be thaw’d from the true quality

With that which melteth fools; I mean sweet words,

Low-crooked curtsies, and base spaniel fawning.

Thy brother by decree is banished:

If thou dost bend, and pray, and fawn for him,

I spurn thee like a cur out of my way.

Know, Caesar dost not wrong, nor without cause

Will he be satisfied.

I must prevent you, Cimber. These couchings and these lowly courtesies Might fire the blood of ordinary men, And turn pre-ordinance and first decree Into the law of children. Be not fond, To think that Caesar bears such rebel blood That will be thaw’d from the true quality With that which melteth fools; I mean sweet words, Low-crooked curtsies, and base spaniel fawning. your brother by decree is banished: If you do bend, and pray, and fawn for him, I spurn you like a cur out of my way. Know, Caesar do not wrong, nor without cause Will he be satisfied.

I must prevent you, Cimber. These couchings and these lowly courtesies Might fire the blood of ordinary men, And turn pre-ordinance and first decree Into the law of children. Be not fond, To think that Caesar bears such rebel blood That will be thaw’d from the true quality With that which melteth fools; I mean sweet words, Low-crooked curtsies, and base spaniel fawning. your brother by decree is banished: If you do bend, and pray, and fawn for him, I spurn you like a cur out of my way. Know, Caesar don't wrong, nor without cause Will he be satisfied.

i must prevent thee, cimber

"Know, Caesar dost not wrong, nor without cause / Will he be satisfied" Caesar's imperial self-description: he does not err, and when he acts it is always for cause. This is the public persona that has completely absorbed the private man — and it's exactly what Cassius said was happening to Rome.
METELLUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Is there no voice more worthy than my own,

To sound more sweetly in great Caesar’s ear

For the repealing of my banish’d brother?

Is there no voice more worthy than my own, To sound more sweetly in great Caesar’s ear For the repealing of my banish’d brother?

Is there no voice more worthy than my own, To sound more sweetly in great Caesar’s ear For the repealing of my banish’d brother?

is there no voice more worthy than my own, to sound more sweetly in great caesar’s ear for the repealing of my banish’d brother

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

I kiss thy hand, but not in flattery, Caesar;

Desiring thee that Publius Cimber may

Have an immediate freedom of repeal.

I kiss your hand, but not in flattery, Caesar; Desiring you that Publius Cimber may Have an immediate freedom of repeal.

I kiss your hand, but not in flattery, Caesar; Desiring you that Publius Cimber may Have an immediate freedom of repeal.

i kiss thy hand, but not in flattery, caesar; desiring thee that publius cimber may have an immediate freedom of repeal

CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

What, Brutus?

What, Brutus?

What, Brutus?

what, brutus

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Pardon, Caesar; Caesar, pardon:

As low as to thy foot doth Cassius fall,

To beg enfranchisement for Publius Cimber.

Pardon, Caesar; Caesar, pardon: As low as to your foot does Cassius fall, To beg enfranchisement for Publius Cimber.

Pardon, Caesar; Caesar, pardon: As low as to your foot does Cassius fall, To beg enfranchisement for Publius Cimber.

pardon, caesar; caesar, pardon: as low as to thy foot doth cassius fall, to beg enfranchisement for publius cimber

CAESAR ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

I could be well mov’d, if I were as you;

If I could pray to move, prayers would move me:

But I am constant as the northern star,

Of whose true-fix’d and resting quality

There is no fellow in the firmament.

The skies are painted with unnumber’d sparks,

They are all fire, and every one doth shine;

But there’s but one in all doth hold his place.

So in the world; ’tis furnish’d well with men,

And men are flesh and blood, and apprehensive;

Yet in the number I do know but one

That unassailable holds on his rank,

Unshak’d of motion: and that I am he,

Let me a little show it, even in this,

That I was constant Cimber should be banish’d,

And constant do remain to keep him so.

I could be well mov’d, if I were as you; If I could pray to move, prayers would move me: But I am constant as the northern star, Of whose true-fix’d and resting quality There is no fellow in the firmament. The skies are painted with unnumber’d sparks, They are all fire, and every one does shine; But there’s but one in all does hold his place. So in the world; ’tis furnish’d well with men, And men are flesh and blood, and apprehensive; Yet in the number I do know but one That unassailable holds on his rank, Unshak’d of motion: and that I am he, Let me a little show it, even in this, That I was constant Cimber should be banish’d, And constant do remain to keep him so.

I could be well mov’d, if I were as you; If I could pray to move, prayers would move me: But I'm constant as the northern star, Of whose true-fix’d and resting quality There is no fellow in the firmament. The skies are painted with unnumber’d sparks, They are all fire, and every one does shine; But there’s but one in all does hold his place. So in the world; ’tis furnish’d well with men, And men are flesh and blood, and apprehensive; Yet in the number I do know but one That unassailable holds on his rank, Unshak’d of motion: and that I'm he, Let me a little show it, even in this, That I was constant Cimber should be banish’d, And constant do remain to keep him so.

i could be well mov’d, if i were as you; if i could pray to move, prayers would move me: but i am constant as the northern star, of whose...

"I am constant as the northern star" The northern star (Polaris) was the fixed point in the Elizabethan sky — all other stars moved around it. Caesar is claiming he is the human equivalent: the one unchanging point in a world of motion. It is simultaneously a great image and a confession of the vanity that's about to kill him.
Why it matters The North Star speech is one of the most quoted Caesar speeches — and one of the most ironic. In twenty lines he defines exactly why he cannot be saved. His fixity, his immovability, his contempt for persuasion: these are the qualities that mean no warning can reach him.
CINNA Speaking from personal perspective

O Caesar,—

O Caesar,—

O Caesar,—

o caesar,—

CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

Hence! wilt thou lift up Olympus?

Hence! will you lift up Olympus?

Hence! will you lift up Olympus?

hence

DECIUS Speaking from personal perspective

Great Caesar,—

Great Caesar,—

Great Caesar,—

great caesar,—

CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

Doth not Brutus bootless kneel?

does not Brutus bootless kneel?

doesn't Brutus bootless kneel?

doth not brutus bootless kneel

CASCA Cynical, detached, secretly impressed

Speak, hands, for me!

Speak, hands, for me!

Speak, hands, for me!

speak, hands, for me

Why it matters Casca's 'Speak, hands, for me!' is one of the most chilling lines in Shakespeare — the moment words end and violence begins, and the brutal compression of the line (five words, a complete rejection of everything the play has been about) gives it a force no longer speech could achieve.
[_Casca stabs Caesar in the neck. Caesar catches hold of his arm. He is
then stabbed by several other Conspirators, and at last by Marcus
Brutus._]
CAESAR Speaking from personal perspective

_Et tu, Brute?_—Then fall, Caesar!

_Et tu, Brute?_—Then fall, Caesar!

_Et tu, Brute?_—Then fall, Caesar!

_et tu, brute

"_Et tu, Brute?_" Latin: 'And you, Brutus?' — Caesar's last words are in Latin, not English, giving them a different weight on the original stage. Shakespeare may have found the line in a Latin source. The phrase has become the universal shorthand for betrayal by a trusted friend.
"Then fall, Caesar!" Caesar's second sentence is as important as the first: he doesn't die begging. He sees Brutus, understands everything, and then consents to die. 'Then fall, Caesar!' is an act of will — he chooses to fall rather than live past the moment Brutus betrayed him.
Why it matters The most famous line in the play and one of the most famous in the English language. But the second part — 'Then fall, Caesar!' — is the more extraordinary one: having understood the betrayal, he elects to die.
[_Dies. The Senators and People retire in confusion._]
CINNA ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Liberty! Freedom! Tyranny is dead!

Run hence, proclaim, cry it about the streets.

Liberty! Freedom! Tyranny is dead! Run hence, proclaim, cry it about the streets.

Liberty! Freedom! Tyranny is dead! Run hence, proclaim, cry it about the streets.

liberty

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Some to the common pulpits and cry out,

“Liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement!”

Some to the common pulpits and cry out, “Liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement!”

Some to the common pulpits and cry out, “Liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement!”

some to the common pulpits and cry out, “liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

People and Senators, be not affrighted.

Fly not; stand still; ambition’s debt is paid.

People and Senators, be not affrighted. Fly not; stand still; ambition’s debt is paid.

People and Senators, be not affrighted. Fly not; stand still; ambition’s debt is paid.

people and senators, be not affrighted

CASCA Cynical, detached, secretly impressed

Go to the pulpit, Brutus.

Go to the pulpit, Brutus.

Go to the pulpit, Brutus.

go to the pulpit, brutus

DECIUS Speaking from personal perspective

And Cassius too.

And Cassius too.

And Cassius too.

and cassius too

BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Where’s Publius?

Where’s Publius?

Where’s Publius?

where’s publius

CINNA Speaking from personal perspective

Here, quite confounded with this mutiny.

Here, quite confounded with this mutiny.

Here, quite confounded with this mutiny.

here, quite confounded with this mutiny

METELLUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Stand fast together, lest some friend of Caesar’s

Should chance—

Stand fast together, lest some friend of Caesar’s Should chance—

Stand fast together, lest some friend of Caesar’s Should chance—

stand fast together, lest some friend of caesar’s should chance—

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Talk not of standing. Publius, good cheer!

There is no harm intended to your person,

Nor to no Roman else. So tell them, Publius.

Talk not of standing. Publius, good cheer! There is no harm intended to your person, Nor to no Roman else. So tell them, Publius.

Talk not of standing. Publius, good cheer! There is no harm intended to your person, Nor to no Roman else. So tell them, Publius.

talk not of standing

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

And leave us, Publius; lest that the people

Rushing on us, should do your age some mischief.

And leave us, Publius; lest that the people Rushing on us, should do your age some mischief.

And leave us, Publius; lest that the people Rushing on us, should do your age some mischief.

and leave us, publius; lest that the people rushing on us, should do your age some mischief

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Do so; and let no man abide this deed

But we the doers.

Do so; and let no man abide this deed But we the doers.

Do so; and let no man abide this deed But we the doers.

do so; and let no man abide this deed but we the doers

Enter Trebonius.
CASSIUS Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Where’s Antony?

Where’s Antony?

Where’s Antony?

where’s antony

TREBONIUS ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Fled to his house amaz’d.

Men, wives, and children stare, cry out, and run,

As it were doomsday.

Fled to his house amaz’d. Men, wives, and children stare, cry out, and run, As it were doomsday.

Fled to his house amaz’d. Men, wives, and children stare, cry out, and run, As it were doomsday.

fled to his house amaz’d

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Fates, we will know your pleasures.

That we shall die, we know; ’tis but the time

And drawing days out, that men stand upon.

Fates, we will know your pleasures. That we shall die, we know; ’tis but the time And drawing days out, that men stand upon.

Fates, we will know your pleasures. That we shall die, we know; ’tis but the time And drawing days out, that men stand upon.

fates, we will know your pleasures

CASCA ≋ verse Cynical, detached, secretly impressed

Why, he that cuts off twenty years of life

Cuts off so many years of fearing death.

Why, he that cuts off twenty years of life Cuts off so many years of fearing death.

Why, he that cuts off twenty years of life Cuts off so many years of fearing death.

why, he that cuts off twenty years of life cuts off so many years of fearing death

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Grant that, and then is death a benefit:

So are we Caesar’s friends, that have abridg’d

His time of fearing death. Stoop, Romans, stoop,

And let us bathe our hands in Caesar’s blood

Up to the elbows, and besmear our swords:

Then walk we forth, even to the market-place,

And waving our red weapons o’er our heads,

Let’s all cry, “Peace, freedom, and liberty!”

Grant that, and then is death a benefit: So are we Caesar’s friends, that have abridg’d His time of fearing death. Stoop, Romans, stoop, And let us bathe our hands in Caesar’s blood Up to the elbows, and besmear our swords: Then walk we forth, even to the market-place, And waving our red weapons o’er our heads, Let’s all cry, “Peace, freedom, and liberty!”

Grant that, and then is death a benefit: So are we Caesar’s friends, that have abridg’d His time of fearing death. Stoop, Romans, stoop, And let us bathe our hands in Caesar’s blood Up to the elbows, and besmear our swords: Then walk we forth, even to the market-place, And waving our red weapons o’er our heads, Let’s all cry, “Peace, freedom, and liberty!”

grant that, and then is death a benefit: so are we caesar’s friends, that have abridg’d his time of fearing death

"let us bathe our hands in Caesar's blood" This is the moment Calphurnia's dream comes true — but as horror, not triumph. She dreamed Romans bathing their hands in blood from Caesar's statue. Brutus is now orchestrating exactly that image, believing it will look like a ritual purification rather than a crime scene.
Why it matters Brutus's call to bathe hands in Caesar's blood — trying to transform murder into sacrifice — is the conspirators' most catastrophic misreading of their audience. The gesture will not look like ritual to Rome. It will look like butchery.
↩ Callback to 2-2 Brutus orders the conspirators to bathe their hands in Caesar's blood — exactly the image from Calphurnia's dream that Decius reinterpreted as triumph. The dream comes true, but as horror.
CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Stoop then, and wash. How many ages hence

Shall this our lofty scene be acted over

In States unborn, and accents yet unknown!

Stoop then, and wash. How many ages hence Shall this our lofty scene be acted over In States unborn, and accents yet unknown!

Stoop then, and wash. How many ages hence Shall this our lofty scene be acted over In States unborn, and accents yet unknown!

stoop then, and wash

"How many ages hence / Shall this our lofty scene be acted over / In States unborn, and accents yet unknown!" This is Shakespeare writing about Shakespeare's own play — Cassius literally predicts that the assassination will be performed in theaters for centuries to come, in countries Caesar never knew. The self-referential moment is playful, dazzling, and slightly vertiginous.
Why it matters Cassius's meta-theatrical prophecy — that this scene will be performed for ages in unknown languages — is Shakespeare winking at his audience and telling them they are the future he's describing.
BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

How many times shall Caesar bleed in sport,

That now on Pompey’s basis lies along,

No worthier than the dust!

How many times shall Caesar bleed in sport, That now on Pompey’s basis lies along, No worthier than the dust!

How many times shall Caesar bleed in sport, That now on Pompey’s basis lies along, No worthier than the dust!

how many times shall caesar bleed in sport, that now on pompey’s basis lies along, no worthier than the dust

"Pompey's basis" The base or pedestal of Pompey's statue — Caesar has fallen at the foot of his greatest rival's monument. It was historically reported this way in Plutarch, and Shakespeare preserves it as the conspiracy's darkest irony.
CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

So oft as that shall be,

So often shall the knot of us be call’d

The men that gave their country liberty.

So oft as that shall be, So often shall the knot of us be call’d The men that gave their country liberty.

So oft as that shall be, So often shall the knot of us be call’d The men that gave their country liberty.

so oft as that shall be, so often shall the knot of us be call’d the men that gave their country liberty

🎭 Dramatic irony Cassius predicts they will be 'called the men that gave their country liberty.' Within two acts, both Cassius and Brutus will be dead, and the men who inherit Rome — Octavius and Antony — will establish the very monarchy the conspirators died to prevent.
DECIUS Speaking from personal perspective

What, shall we forth?

What, shall we forth?

What, shall we forth?

what, shall we forth

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Ay, every man away.

Brutus shall lead; and we will grace his heels

With the most boldest and best hearts of Rome.

Ay, every man away. Brutus shall lead; and we will grace his heels With the most boldest and best hearts of Rome.

Ay, every man away. Brutus shall lead; and we will grace his heels With the most boldest and best hearts of Rome.

ay, every man away

Enter a Servant.
BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Soft, who comes here? A friend of Antony’s.

Soft, who comes here? A friend of Antony’s.

Soft, who comes here? A friend of Antony’s.

soft, who comes here

SERVANT ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

Thus, Brutus, did my master bid me kneel;

Thus did Mark Antony bid me fall down;

And, being prostrate, thus he bade me say:

Brutus is noble, wise, valiant, and honest;

Caesar was mighty, bold, royal, and loving;

Say I love Brutus and I honour him;

Say I fear’d Caesar, honour’d him, and lov’d him.

If Brutus will vouchsafe that Antony

May safely come to him, and be resolv’d

How Caesar hath deserv’d to lie in death,

Mark Antony shall not love Caesar dead

So well as Brutus living; but will follow

The fortunes and affairs of noble Brutus

Thorough the hazards of this untrod state,

With all true faith. So says my master Antony.

Thus, Brutus, did my master bid me kneel; Thus did Mark Antony bid me fall down; And, being prostrate, thus he bade me say: Brutus is noble, wise, valiant, and honest; Caesar was mighty, bold, royal, and loving; Say I love Brutus and I honour him; Say I fear’d Caesar, honour’d him, and lov’d him. If Brutus will vouchsafe that Antony May safely come to him, and be resolv’d How Caesar has deserv’d to lie in death, Mark Antony shall not love Caesar dead So well as Brutus living; but will follow The fortunes and affairs of noble Brutus Thorough the hazards of this untrod state, With all true faith. So says my master Antony.

Thus, Brutus, did my master bid me kneel; Thus did Mark Antony bid me fall down; And, being prostrate, thus he bade me say: Brutus is noble, wise, valiant, and honest; Caesar was mighty, bold, royal, and loving; Say I love Brutus and I honour him; Say I fear’d Caesar, honour’d him, and lov’d him. If Brutus will vouchsafe that Antony May safely come to him, and be resolv’d How Caesar has deserv’d to lie in death, Mark Antony shan't love Caesar dead So well as Brutus living; but will follow The fortunes and affairs of noble Brutus Thorough the hazards of this untrod state, With all true faith. So says my master Antony.

thus, brutus, did my master bid me kneel; thus did mark antony bid me fall down; and, being prostrate, thus he bade me say: brutus is noble, wise, valiant, and...

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Thy master is a wise and valiant Roman;

I never thought him worse.

Tell him, so please him come unto this place,

He shall be satisfied and, by my honour,

Depart untouch’d.

your master is a wise and valiant Roman; I never thought him worse. Tell him, so please him come unto this place, He shall be satisfied and, by my honour, Depart untouch’d.

your master is a wise and valiant Roman; I never thought him worse. Tell him, so please him come unto this place, He shall be satisfied and, by my honour, Depart untouch’d.

thy master is a wise and valiant roman; i never thought him worse

🎭 Dramatic irony Brutus promises Antony he will 'depart untouch'd.' He will — physically. But Antony's Forum speech will touch the conspirators in the only way that matters: turning Rome against them entirely.
SERVANT Speaking from personal perspective

I’ll fetch him presently.

I’ll fetch him presently.

I’ll fetch him presently.

i’ll fetch him presently

[_Exit._]
BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

I know that we shall have him well to friend.

I know that we shall have him well to friend.

I know that we shall have him well to friend.

i know that we shall have him well to friend

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

I wish we may: but yet have I a mind

That fears him much; and my misgiving still

Falls shrewdly to the purpose.

I wish we may: but yet have I a mind That fears him much; and my misgiving still Falls shrewdly to the purpose.

I wish we may: but yet have I a mind That fears him much; and my misgiving still Falls shrewdly to the purpose.

i wish we may: but yet have i a mind that fears him much; and my misgiving still falls shrewdly to the purpose

Enter Antony.
BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

But here comes Antony. Welcome, Mark Antony.

But here comes Antony. Welcome, Mark Antony.

But here comes Antony. Welcome, Mark Antony.

but here comes antony

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

O mighty Caesar! Dost thou lie so low?

Are all thy conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils,

Shrunk to this little measure? Fare thee well.

I know not, gentlemen, what you intend,

Who else must be let blood, who else is rank:

If I myself, there is no hour so fit

As Caesar’s death’s hour; nor no instrument

Of half that worth as those your swords, made rich

With the most noble blood of all this world.

I do beseech ye, if you bear me hard,

Now, whilst your purpled hands do reek and smoke,

Fulfill your pleasure. Live a thousand years,

I shall not find myself so apt to die.

No place will please me so, no means of death,

As here by Caesar, and by you cut off,

The choice and master spirits of this age.

O mighty Caesar! do you lie so low? Are all your conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils, Shrunk to this little measure? Fare you well. I know not, gentlemen, what you intend, Who else must be let blood, who else is rank: If I myself, there is no hour so fit As Caesar’s death’s hour; nor no instrument Of half that worth as those your swords, made rich With the most noble blood of all this world. I do beseech ye, if you bear me hard, Now, whilst your purpled hands do reek and smoke, Fulfill your pleasure. Live a thousand years, I shall not find myself so apt to die. No place will please me so, no means of death, As here by Caesar, and by you cut off, The choice and master spirits of this age.

O mighty Caesar! do you lie so low? Are all your conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils, Shrunk to this little measure? Fare you well. I know not, gentlemen, what you intend, Who else must be let blood, who else is rank: If I myself, there's no hour so fit As Caesar’s death’s hour; nor no instrument Of half that worth as those your swords, made rich With the most noble blood of all this world. I do beseech ye, if you bear me hard, Now, whilst your purpled hands do reek and smoke, Fulfill your pleasure. Live a thousand years, I shan't find myself so apt to die. No place will please me so, no means of death, As here by Caesar, and by you cut off, The choice and master spirits of this age.

o mighty caesar

"whilst your purpled hands do reek and smoke" 'Purpled' means blood-reddened. 'Reek and smoke' — steaming — because warm blood smokes in cool air. This is a precisely physical description that forces the conspirators to reckon with what they've done.
"The choice and master spirits of this age" Antony calls the conspirators 'the choice and master spirits of this age' — exactly the kind of flattery Decius used on Caesar. The irony is almost too much: Antony is deploying Caesar's weakness against Caesar's killers.
BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

O Antony, beg not your death of us.

Though now we must appear bloody and cruel,

As by our hands and this our present act

You see we do; yet see you but our hands

And this the bleeding business they have done.

Our hearts you see not; they are pitiful;

And pity to the general wrong of Rome—

As fire drives out fire, so pity pity—

Hath done this deed on Caesar. For your part,

To you our swords have leaden points, Mark Antony;

Our arms in strength of malice, and our hearts

Of brothers’ temper, do receive you in

With all kind love, good thoughts, and reverence.

O Antony, beg not your death of us. Though now we must appear bloody and cruel, As by our hands and this our present act You see we do; yet see you but our hands And this the bleeding business they have done. Our hearts you see not; they are pitiful; And pity to the general wrong of Rome— As fire drives out fire, so pity pity— has done this deed on Caesar. For your part, To you our swords have leaden points, Mark Antony; Our arms in strength of malice, and our hearts Of brothers’ temper, do receive you in With all kind love, good thoughts, and reverence.

O Antony, beg not your death of us. Though now we must appear bloody and cruel, As by our hands and this our present act You see we do; yet see you but our hands And this the bleeding business they have done. Our hearts you see not; they are pitiful; And pity to the general wrong of Rome— As fire drives out fire, so pity pity— has done this deed on Caesar. For your part, To you our swords have leaden points, Mark Antony; Our arms in strength of malice, and our hearts Of brothers’ temper, do receive you in With all kind love, good thoughts, and reverence.

o antony, beg not your death of us

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Your voice shall be as strong as any man’s

In the disposing of new dignities.

Your voice shall be as strong as any man’s In the disposing of new dignities.

Your voice shall be as strong as any man’s In the disposing of new dignities.

your voice shall be as strong as any man’s in the disposing of new dignities

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Only be patient till we have appeas’d

The multitude, beside themselves with fear,

And then we will deliver you the cause

Why I, that did love Caesar when I struck him,

Have thus proceeded.

Only be patient till we have appeas’d The multitude, beside themselves with fear, And then we will deliver you the cause Why I, that did love Caesar when I struck him, Have thus proceeded.

Only be patient till we have appeas’d The multitude, beside themselves with fear, And then we will deliver you the cause Why I, that did love Caesar when I struck him, Have thus proceeded.

only be patient till we have appeas’d the multitude, beside themselves with fear, and then we will deliver you the cause why i, that did love caesar when i struck...

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

I doubt not of your wisdom.

Let each man render me his bloody hand.

First, Marcus Brutus, will I shake with you;

Next, Caius Cassius, do I take your hand.

Now, Decius Brutus, yours; now yours, Metellus;

Yours, Cinna; and, my valiant Casca, yours;

Though last, not least in love, yours, good Trebonius.

Gentlemen all—alas, what shall I say?

My credit now stands on such slippery ground,

That one of two bad ways you must conceit me,

Either a coward or a flatterer.

That I did love thee, Caesar, O, ’tis true:

If then thy spirit look upon us now,

Shall it not grieve thee dearer than thy death,

To see thy Antony making his peace,

Shaking the bloody fingers of thy foes,

Most noble, in the presence of thy corse?

Had I as many eyes as thou hast wounds,

Weeping as fast as they stream forth thy blood,

It would become me better than to close

In terms of friendship with thine enemies.

Pardon me, Julius! Here wast thou bay’d, brave hart;

Here didst thou fall; and here thy hunters stand,

Sign’d in thy spoil, and crimson’d in thy lethe.

O world, thou wast the forest to this hart;

And this indeed, O world, the heart of thee.

How like a deer strucken by many princes,

Dost thou here lie!

I doubt not of your wisdom. Let each man render me his bloody hand. First, Marcus Brutus, will I shake with you; Next, Caius Cassius, do I take your hand. Now, Decius Brutus, yours; now yours, Metellus; Yours, Cinna; and, my valiant Casca, yours; Though last, not least in love, yours, good Trebonius. Gentlemen all—alas, what shall I say? My credit now stands on such slippery ground, That one of two bad ways you must conceit me, Either a coward or a flatterer. That I did love you, Caesar, O, ’tis true: If then your spirit look upon us now, Shall it not grieve you dearer than your death, To see your Antony making his peace, Shaking the bloody fingers of your foes, Most noble, in the presence of your corse? Had I as many eyes as you hast wounds, Weeping as fast as they stream forth your blood, It would become me better than to close In terms of friendship with yours enemies. Pardon me, Julius! Here wast you bay’d, brave hart; Here did you fall; and here your hunters stand, Sign’d in your spoil, and crimson’d in your lethe. O world, you wast the forest to this hart; And this indeed, O world, the heart of you. How like a deer strucken by many princes, do you here lie!

I doubt not of your wisdom. Let each man render me his bloody hand. First, Marcus Brutus, will I shake with you; Next, Caius Cassius, do I take your hand. Now, Decius Brutus, yours; now yours, Metellus; Yours, Cinna; and, my valiant Casca, yours; Though last, not least in love, yours, good Trebonius. Gentlemen all—alas, what shall I say? My credit now stands on such slippery ground, That one of two bad ways you must conceit me, Either a coward or a flatterer. That I did love you, Caesar, O, ’tis true: If then your spirit look upon us now, Shall it not grieve you dearer than your death, To see your Antony making his peace, Shaking the bloody fingers of your foes, Most noble, in the presence of your corse? Had I as many eyes as you hast wounds, Weeping as fast as they stream forth your blood, It would become me better than to close In terms of friendship with yours enemies. Pardon me, Julius! Here wast you bay’d, brave hart; Here did you fall; and here your hunters stand, Sign’d in your spoil, and crimson’d in your lethe. O world, you wast the forest to this hart; And this indeed, O world, the heart of you. How like a deer strucken by many princes, do you here lie!

i doubt not of your wisdom

"My credit now stands on such slippery ground, / That one of two bad ways you must conceit me, / Either a coward or a flatterer" This is Antony's masterstroke: he pre-empts any criticism of his handshaking by naming it himself. If he seems cooperative, he could be a coward or a flatterer. But by naming this openly, he is actually doing neither — he's establishing himself as honest, grief-stricken, and in an impossible position. It's brilliant political theater.
Why it matters Antony's handshaking speech is the most controlled piece of political performance in the play. He is simultaneously expressing genuine grief, buying time, gathering intelligence, and — with the deer/hunting imagery — beginning to build the public case that Caesar was a noble victim, not a tyrant.
CASSIUS Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Mark Antony,—

Mark Antony,—

Mark Antony,—

mark antony,—

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

Pardon me, Caius Cassius:

The enemies of Caesar shall say this;

Then, in a friend, it is cold modesty.

Pardon me, Caius Cassius: The enemies of Caesar shall say this; Then, in a friend, it is cold modesty.

Pardon me, Caius Cassius: The enemies of Caesar shall say this; Then, in a friend, it is cold modesty.

pardon me, caius cassius: the enemies of caesar shall say this; then, in a friend, it is cold modesty

CASSIUS ≋ verse Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

I blame you not for praising Caesar so;

But what compact mean you to have with us?

Will you be prick’d in number of our friends,

Or shall we on, and not depend on you?

I blame you not for praising Caesar so; But what compact mean you to have with us? Will you be prick’d in number of our friends, Or shall we on, and not depend on you?

I blame you not for praising Caesar so; But what compact mean you to have with us? Will you be prick’d in number of our friends, Or shall we on, and not depend on you?

i blame you not for praising caesar so; but what compact mean you to have with us

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

Therefore I took your hands; but was indeed

Sway’d from the point, by looking down on Caesar.

Friends am I with you all, and love you all,

Upon this hope, that you shall give me reasons

Why, and wherein, Caesar was dangerous.

Therefore I took your hands; but was indeed Sway’d from the point, by looking down on Caesar. Friends am I with you all, and love you all, Upon this hope, that you shall give me reasons Why, and wherein, Caesar was dangerous.

Therefore I took your hands; but was indeed Sway’d from the point, by looking down on Caesar. Friends am I with you all, and love you all, Upon this hope, that you shall give me reasons Why, and wherein, Caesar was dangerous.

therefore i took your hands; but was indeed sway’d from the point, by looking down on caesar

BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Or else were this a savage spectacle.

Our reasons are so full of good regard

That were you, Antony, the son of Caesar,

You should be satisfied.

Or else were this a savage spectacle. Our reasons are so full of good regard That were you, Antony, the son of Caesar, You should be satisfied.

Or else were this a savage spectacle. Our reasons are so full of good regard That were you, Antony, the son of Caesar, You should be satisfied.

or else were this a savage spectacle

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

That’s all I seek,

And am moreover suitor that I may

Produce his body to the market-place;

And in the pulpit, as becomes a friend,

Speak in the order of his funeral.

That’s all I seek, And am moreover suitor that I may Produce his body to the market-place; And in the pulpit, as becomes a friend, Speak in the order of his funeral.

That’s all I seek, And am moreover suitor that I may Produce his body to the market-place; And in the pulpit, as becomes a friend, Speak in the order of his funeral.

that’s all i seek, and am moreover suitor that i may produce his body to the market-place; and in the pulpit, as becomes a friend, speak in the order of...

BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

You shall, Mark Antony.

You shall, Mark Antony.

You shall, Mark Antony.

you shall, mark antony

CASSIUS Manipulative, ambitious, resentful of Caesar

Brutus, a word with you.

Brutus, a word with you.

Brutus, a word with you.

brutus, a word with you

[_Aside to Brutus._] You know not what you do. Do not consent
That Antony speak in his funeral.
Know you how much the people may be mov’d
By that which he will utter?
[_Aside to Cassius._] By your pardon:
BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

I will myself into the pulpit first,

And show the reason of our Caesar’s death.

What Antony shall speak, I will protest

He speaks by leave and by permission;

And that we are contented Caesar shall

Have all true rights and lawful ceremonies.

It shall advantage more than do us wrong.

I will myself into the pulpit first, And show the reason of our Caesar’s death. What Antony shall speak, I will protest He speaks by leave and by permission; And that we are contented Caesar shall Have all true rights and lawful ceremonies. It shall advantage more than do us wrong.

I will myself into the pulpit first, And show the reason of our Caesar’s death. What Antony shall speak, I will protest He speaks by leave and by permission; And that we're contented Caesar shall Have all true rights and lawful ceremonies. It shall advantage more than do us wrong.

i will myself into the pulpit first, and show the reason of our caesar’s death

[_Aside to Brutus._] I know not what may fall; I like it not.
BRUTUS ≋ verse Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Mark Antony, here, take you Caesar’s body.

You shall not in your funeral speech blame us,

But speak all good you can devise of Caesar,

And say you do’t by our permission;

Else shall you not have any hand at all

About his funeral. And you shall speak

In the same pulpit whereto I am going,

After my speech is ended.

Mark Antony, here, take you Caesar’s body. You shall not in your funeral speech blame us, But speak all good you can devise of Caesar, And say you do’t by our permission; Else shall you not have any hand at all About his funeral. And you shall speak In the same pulpit whereto I am going, After my speech is ended.

Mark Antony, here, take you Caesar’s body. You shan't in your funeral speech blame us, But speak all good you can devise of Caesar, And say you do’t by our permission; Else shall you not have any hand at all About his funeral. And you shall speak In the same pulpit whereto I'm going, After my speech is ended.

mark antony, here, take you caesar’s body

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

Be it so;

I do desire no more.

Be it so; I do desire no more.

Be it so; I do desire no more.

be it so; i do desire no more

BRUTUS Torn between loyalty and duty, intellectual struggle

Prepare the body, then, and follow us.

Prepare the body, then, and follow us.

Prepare the body, then, and follow us.

prepare the body, then, and follow us

[_Exeunt all but Antony._]
ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth,

That I am meek and gentle with these butchers.

Thou art the ruins of the noblest man

That ever lived in the tide of times.

Woe to the hand that shed this costly blood!

Over thy wounds now do I prophesy,

Which, like dumb mouths do ope their ruby lips

To beg the voice and utterance of my tongue,

A curse shall light upon the limbs of men;

Domestic fury and fierce civil strife

Shall cumber all the parts of Italy;

Blood and destruction shall be so in use,

And dreadful objects so familiar,

That mothers shall but smile when they behold

Their infants quartered with the hands of war;

All pity chok’d with custom of fell deeds:

And Caesar’s spirit, ranging for revenge,

With Ate by his side come hot from Hell,

Shall in these confines with a monarch’s voice

Cry havoc and let slip the dogs of war,

That this foul deed shall smell above the earth

With carrion men, groaning for burial.

O, pardon me, you bleeding piece of earth, That I am meek and gentle with these butchers. you are the ruins of the noblest man That ever lived in the tide of times. Woe to the hand that shed this costly blood! Over your wounds now do I prophesy, Which, like dumb mouths do ope their ruby lips To beg the voice and utterance of my tongue, A curse shall light upon the limbs of men; Domestic fury and fierce civil strife Shall cumber all the parts of Italy; Blood and destruction shall be so in use, And dreadful objects so familiar, That mothers shall but smile when they behold Their infants quartered with the hands of war; All pity chok’d with custom of fell deeds: And Caesar’s spirit, ranging for revenge, With Ate by his side come hot from Hell, Shall in these confines with a monarch’s voice Cry havoc and let slip the dogs of war, That this foul deed shall smell above the earth With carrion men, groaning for burial.

O, pardon me, you bleeding piece of earth, That I'm meek and gentle with these butchers. you're the ruins of the noblest man That ever lived in the tide of times. Woe to the hand that shed this costly blood! Over your wounds now do I prophesy, Which, like dumb mouths do ope their ruby lips To beg the voice and utterance of my tongue, A curse shall light upon the limbs of men; Domestic fury and fierce civil strife Shall cumber all the parts of Italy; Blood and destruction shall be so in use, And dreadful objects so familiar, That mothers shall but smile when they behold Their infants quartered with the hands of war; All pity chok’d with custom of fell deeds: And Caesar’s spirit, ranging for revenge, With Ate by his side come hot from Hell, Shall in these confines with a monarch’s voice Cry havoc and let slip the dogs of war, That this foul deed shall smell above the earth With carrion men, groaning for burial.

o, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth, that i am meek and gentle with these butchers

"O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth" Antony opens his soliloquy by apologizing to Caesar's body for being cooperative with his killers — and the apology itself is a performance. 'Piece of earth' carries real grief but also rhetorical craft: Caesar has been reduced to matter, and Antony is cataloguing the reduction.
"let slip the dogs of war" One of the most famous phrases in English, now meaning to unleash uncontrollable violence or conflict. In context, 'dogs of war' were the soldiers ordered into killing. 'Let slip' means to release from the leash — the image is of hunting dogs held until the prey is in position.
Why it matters Antony's soliloquy — ending with 'let slip the dogs of war' — is the pivot point of the entire play. Everything before this is the conspiracy; everything after is its undoing. Antony has turned from grieving friend into avenger, and the audience now knows which way the second half will go.
Enter a Servant.
You serve Octavius Caesar, do you not?
SERVANT Speaking from personal perspective

I do, Mark Antony.

I do, Mark Antony.

I do, Mark Antony.

i do, mark antony

ANTONY Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

Caesar did write for him to come to Rome.

Caesar did write for him to come to Rome.

Caesar did write for him to come to Rome.

caesar did write for him to come to rome

SERVANT ≋ verse Speaking from personal perspective

He did receive his letters, and is coming,

And bid me say to you by word of mouth,—

He did receive his letters, and is coming, And bid me say to you by word of mouth,—

He did receive his letters, and is coming, And bid me say to you by word of mouth,—

he did receive his letters, and is coming, and bid me say to you by word of mouth,—

[_Seeing the body._] O Caesar!
ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

Thy heart is big, get thee apart and weep.

Passion, I see, is catching; for mine eyes,

Seeing those beads of sorrow stand in thine,

Began to water. Is thy master coming?

your heart is big, get you apart and weep. Passion, I see, is catching; for mine eyes, Seeing those beads of sorrow stand in yours, Began to water. Is your master coming?

your heart is big, get you apart and weep. Passion, I see, is catching; for mine eyes, Seeing those beads of sorrow stand in yours, Began to water. Is your master coming?

thy heart is big, get thee apart and weep

SERVANT Speaking from personal perspective

He lies tonight within seven leagues of Rome.

He lies tonight within seven leagues of Rome.

He lies tonight within seven leagues of Rome.

he lies tonight within seven leagues of rome

ANTONY ≋ verse Devoted to Caesar, calculating for power

Post back with speed, and tell him what hath chanc’d.

Here is a mourning Rome, a dangerous Rome,

No Rome of safety for Octavius yet.

Hie hence, and tell him so. Yet stay awhile;

Thou shalt not back till I have borne this corse

Into the market-place: there shall I try,

In my oration, how the people take

The cruel issue of these bloody men;

According to the which thou shalt discourse

To young Octavius of the state of things.

Lend me your hand.

Post back with speed, and tell him what has chanc’d. Here is a mourning Rome, a dangerous Rome, No Rome of safety for Octavius yet. Hie hence, and tell him so. Yet stay awhile; you shall not back till I have borne this corse Into the market-place: there shall I try, In my oration, how the people take The cruel issue of these bloody men; According to the which you shall discourse To young Octavius of the state of things. Lend me your hand.

Post back with speed, and tell him what has chanc’d. Here is a mourning Rome, a dangerous Rome, No Rome of safety for Octavius yet. Hie hence, and tell him so. Yet stay awhile; you shan't back till I have borne this corse Into the market-place: there shall I try, In my oration, how the people take The cruel issue of these bloody men; According to the which you shall discourse To young Octavius of the state of things. Lend me your hand.

post back with speed, and tell him what hath chanc’d

[_Exeunt with Caesar’s body._]

The Reckoning

The assassination is the exact center of the play, and everything about it is wrong: the arguments are wrong, the execution is wrong, and the aftermath is catastrophically wrong. Brutus, who refused to kill Antony for being dangerous, now agrees to let Antony speak at Caesar's funeral. Cassius sees the disaster coming and is overruled again. Antony, alone with the body, tears off the mask of cooperation and speaks his truest grief — and his deadliest intentions. The audience knows that the conspiracy has just lost the war it started.

If this happened today…

A group of executives force out their CEO in a board room coup. It goes exactly as planned — clean, bloodless, professional. Afterward, the CEO's closest ally shakes every hand in the room, tells them he understands and supports them, and asks only one thing: to give the eulogy at the all-hands. They agree, because he's asked nicely and seems cooperative. Then he goes back to his office, closes the door, and starts making calls. The all-hands is going to be a very different kind of event.

Continue to 3.2 →