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Act 2, Scene 4 — A Street.
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The argument The morning after the balcony scene. Mercutio and Benvolio are worried that Tybalt has sent Romeo a dueling challenge. When Romeo arrives — transformed, joyful, back to his sharp-witted old self — Mercutio is thrilled to have his friend back. They trade an extended barrage of wordplay. The Nurse arrives with Peter to find Romeo; Mercutio mocks her outrageously. Once Mercutio and Benvolio leave, Romeo gives the Nurse the wedding plan: Juliet should come to Friar Lawrence's cell that afternoon; a rope ladder will be delivered for the wedding night.
Enter Benvolio and Mercutio.
MERCUTIO [casually wondering where he's gone]

Where the devil should this Romeo be? Came he not home tonight?

Where on earth is this Romeo? Didn't he come home tonight?

So where's Romeo? Didn't he come home last night?

where's romeo?? didnt he come home

BENVOLIO [reporting what he's learned]

Not to his father’s; I spoke with his man.

Not to his father's house; I spoke with his servant.

Not to his father's place. I talked to his servant.

not to his dads house talked to his guy

MERCUTIO [mocking his supposed torment]

Why, that same pale hard-hearted wench, that Rosaline, torments him so

that he will sure run mad.

That pale, cold-hearted girl Rosaline torments him so much that he'll definitely go mad.

That cold girl Rosaline is torturing him so bad he's gonna lose it.

rosaline's torturing him he'll go crazy

Why it matters Mercutio still thinks this is about Rosaline — which makes Romeo's cheerful arrival in 2-4-016 all the more dramatic a contrast.
BENVOLIO [wary, delivering unwelcome news]

Tybalt, the kinsman to old Capulet, hath sent a letter to his father’s

house.

Tybalt, who is related to old Capulet, has sent a letter to Romeo's father's house.

Tybalt, Capulet's relative, sent a letter to Romeo's father's house.

tybalt sent a letter to romeos dads place

Why it matters The dueling challenge is announced. This is the first concrete sign that the feud is going to intrude on the love story — and it arrives here, in the middle of the comic scene, like a shadow on a sunny day.
MERCUTIO [confidently guessing a challenge]

A challenge, on my life.

A challenge, I'll bet my life on it.

A challenge, I'm sure of it.

it's a challenge

BENVOLIO [matter-of-fact confidence in Romeo]

Romeo will answer it.

Romeo will respond to it.

Romeo's gonna deal with it.

romeo will

MERCUTIO [dismissive, deflating quip]

Any man that can write may answer a letter.

Any man who can write can respond to a letter.

Anyone who can write can answer a letter.

anyone can write back to a letter

Why it matters Mercutio plays on 'answer' — respond to a letter vs. accept a duel. This wordplay is characteristic: he deflects serious subjects into wit.
BENVOLIO [clarifying, a touch anxious]

Nay, he will answer the letter’s master, how he dares, being dared.

No, he will respond to the person who sent the letter, by fighting him since he's been challenged.

No, he'll face the guy who sent the letter, since he's been challenged.

he'll fight the guy who sent it

MERCUTIO [mocking Romeo's lovesick state]

Alas poor Romeo, he is already dead, stabbed with a white wench’s black

eye; run through the ear with a love song, the very pin of his heart

cleft with the blind bow-boy’s butt-shaft. And is he a man to encounter

Tybalt?

Poor Romeo is as good as dead—wounded by a girl's dark eyes, pierced through the ear by romantic songs, his heart split by Cupid's arrow. Can he really face Tybalt?

Romeo's practically dead already—killed by some girl's eyes, run through by love songs, with his heart torn apart. How's he gonna fight Tybalt?

romeo's dying from a girl his heart's shattered can he fight tybalt??

"" The exact center point — the bull's-eye of his heart. Pin = the peg at the center of an archery target.
"" A blunt practice arrow — the weakest, most harmless kind. Mercutio is saying Romeo was felled by Love's most pathetic weapon.
Why it matters Mercutio uses Rosaline to argue that Romeo can't fight Tybalt because he's been effectively killed by love already. He means it as a joke. In Act 3, Romeo will genuinely let Mercutio fight Tybalt in his place, and Mercutio will die for it. The comedy here has a dark underside.
BENVOLIO [prompting him to explain]

Why, what is Tybalt?

What do you mean, who is Tybalt?

What do you mean, who's Tybalt?

what about tybalt?

MERCUTIO [mocking Tybalt's dueling airs]

More than Prince of cats. O, he’s the courageous captain of

compliments. He fights as you sing prick-song, keeps time, distance,

and proportion. He rests his minim rest, one, two, and the third in

your bosom: the very butcher of a silk button, a duellist, a duellist;

a gentleman of the very first house, of the first and second cause. Ah,

the immortal passado, the punto reverso, the hay.

He's more than the prince of cats—he's a brave master of politeness. He fights like you sing from sheet music, keeping perfect rhythm, distance, and proportion. He pauses for a beat—one, two, and strikes the third time at your chest: he's a master at cutting silk buttons, a skilled duelist; a gentleman of the highest rank, an expert in dueling codes. The legendary forward thrust, the reverse point, the upward cut!

He's like the king of cats—a fearless dueling perfectionist. He fights like a guy reading sheet music, keeping everything timed and measured. He pauses—one, two, and then stabs on three—he can slice off a silk button, really. He's this super fancy duelist who knows all the moves and codes.

he's obsessed w/ fighting keeps perfect rhythm knows all the fancy moves

"" Tybalt = Tibert, the cat in the medieval fable Reynard the Fox. Mercutio uses the name against him throughout — calling him a cat, hissing, etc.
"" Master of formal dueling ceremony — Mercutio means it as mockery, not praise. Tybalt is technically perfect but soullessly formal.
"" A marksman so precise he could hit a single button on your shirt. This level of skill makes him genuinely dangerous.
"" Italian fencing terms: the forward thrust, the backhand thrust, and the killing home thrust. Mercutio mocks the affected Italian vocabulary fashionable among Elizabethan dueling aficionados.
Why it matters This speech does two things at once: it establishes Tybalt as a genuinely lethal opponent while mocking the pretentious Italian dueling culture he represents. Mercutio is brilliant and contemptuous here — and he will fight Tybalt with exactly this contemptuous energy in 3-1. That's what gets him killed.
BENVOLIO [confused, prompting more]

The what?

The what?

the what?

the what?

MERCUTIO [scornful of foppish fashion]

The pox of such antic lisping, affecting phantasies; these new tuners

of accent. By Jesu, a very good blade, a very tall man, a very good

whore. Why, is not this a lamentable thing, grandsire, that we should

be thus afflicted with these strange flies, these fashion-mongers,

these pardon-me’s, who stand so much on the new form that they cannot

sit at ease on the old bench? O their bones, their bones!

A curse on affected pretentious speech patterns and these new accent masters. God, he's a skilled fighter, a tall man, impressive. Why is it so sad, old man, that we're stuck dealing with these odd fashionable types, these fashion-obsessed people who say "pardon me" constantly, who are so obsessed with new styles they can't relax in the old way? Their bones, their bones!

Forget these pretentious guys with their fake accents and affected mannerisms. This Tybalt's a good fighter, tall, impressive. It's pathetic, honestly, that we have to deal with these weird fashion-obsessed show-offs who say "excuse me" constantly, who are so into new styles they can't even sit normally anymore. It's ridiculous.

forget these fake fashion guys they talk weird cant sit normally lol

"" Deliberately affected speech — some fashionable Elizabethans adopted an artificial lisp as a mark of sophistication. Mercutio despises it.
"" Pretentious affectations, fantasy-performances of a cultivated persona.
"" People who use elaborate courtesy as a social performance rather than genuine politeness.
Why it matters Mercutio's anti-fashion rant is actually a serious cultural statement: he's attacking the Italian dueling culture that made Tybalt what he is. Tybalt is the product of this affected precision-culture. Mercutio finds it deadly (literally, as it turns out) and ridiculous.
Enter Romeo.
BENVOLIO [relieved, announcing his arrival]

Here comes Romeo, here comes Romeo!

Look, Romeo is arriving!

Oh, here's Romeo!

romeo's here

MERCUTIO [witty jabs at Romeo's poetry]

Without his roe, like a dried herring. O flesh, flesh, how art thou

fishified! Now is he for the numbers that Petrarch flowed in. Laura, to

his lady, was but a kitchen wench,—marry, she had a better love to

berhyme her: Dido a dowdy; Cleopatra a gypsy; Helen and Hero hildings

and harlots; Thisbe a grey eye or so, but not to the purpose. Signior

Romeo, bonjour! There’s a French salutation to your French slop. You

gave us the counterfeit fairly last night.

Without his roe, like a dried herring fish! Oh flesh, how you've become like a fish! Now he's into the poetic style of Petrarch. His lady was just a kitchen servant—though she had better poets writing about her. Dido a dowdy; Cleopatra a gypsy; Helen and Hero just immoral women; Thisbe with her grey eye, but that's not the point. Sir Romeo, hello! Here's a French greeting for your fancy outfit. You gave us quite the fake performance last night.

He's dried up like a fish. Oh man, you've turned into a fish! Now he's into Petrarch's poetry style. His girl was just a kitchen maid—though she had better poets. Dido boring, Cleopatra a wanderer, Helen and Hero just common girls, Thisbe with those grey eyes. Sir Romeo, hey! French greeting for your fancy outfit. You totally faked it last night.

he's like a dried fish into petrarch poetry now faked it last night

"" A dried herring has no roe (eggs) — empty, hollow. But 'roe' also sounds like 'Ro' in 'Romeo': remove the 'Ro' and you get 'me-o' = nothing. Mercutio says Romeo has been emptied by love.
"" Mercutio's invented word — transformed into fish, reduced to nothing. One of many Mercutio coinages.
"" The great mythological and literary beloveds — all dismissed by Mercutio as inferior to Juliet. This is mockery aimed at Romeo's extreme Petrarchan rhetoric.
Why it matters Mercutio sees Romeo coming and assumes he's still the lovesick wraith from yesterday. He's about to be very happily wrong. But notice that Mercutio's mockery of Petrarchan rhetoric — all these great beloveds dismissed — is also Shakespeare's own implicit critique of Romeo's excess. Mercutio voices the play's skepticism of its own hero.
ROMEO [bantering, playing along]

Good morrow to you both. What counterfeit did I give you?

Good day to you both. What fake performance did I give you?

Hey, good morning. What fake thing did I do?

good morning what fake thing?

Why it matters Romeo picks up the wordplay immediately — he's sharp and engaged, not the hollow-eyed Rosaline-mourner they expected. Mercutio is about to realize something has changed.
MERCUTIO [needling him with a pun]

The slip sir, the slip; can you not conceive?

The slip, sir, the slip; don't you understand? You ditched us.

The slip, man—you ditched us; get it?

you ditched us get it??

"" Both: (1) to escape/disappear — Romeo slipped away from them; (2) a counterfeit coin — slips were false coins. Mercutio plays both meanings.
ROMEO [mock-formal, playing along]

Pardon, good Mercutio, my business was great, and in such a case as

mine a man may strain courtesy.

Forgive me, good Mercutio; my business was important, and in a situation like mine a man may excuse himself from being polite.

Sorry, Mercutio, I had important stuff to deal with, and when you're in my situation, you get a pass on being polite.

sorry was busy didn't mean to be rude

MERCUTIO [spinning out the joke]

That’s as much as to say, such a case as yours constrains a man to bow

in the hams.

That means your situation forces a man to bend at the legs—to curtsy like a woman.

That means your situation makes a man bend his knees—like curtseying.

you're saying love makes you curtsy like a girl lol

"" To bow at the knee in a deep curtsey — but 'hams' (back of the thighs) carries an obscene suggestion about Romeo's night activities.
ROMEO [quick wit, topping the pun]

Meaning, to curtsy.

Meaning, to curtsy.

meaning, to curtsy.

meaning, to curtsy.

MERCUTIO [approving his wit]

Thou hast most kindly hit it.

You've nailed it perfectly.

You got it exactly right.

exactly

ROMEO [mock-flattering in return]

A most courteous exposition.

A very polite explanation.

A very polite way to explain it.

nice explanation

MERCUTIO [playfully boasting]

Nay, I am the very pink of courtesy.

No, I am the very height of courtesy.

No, I'm the epitome of politeness.

i'm the politest guy around

"" The perfect embodiment of courtesy — 'pink' meant the finest, most perfect example of something. Also the flower, which Romeo will immediately pun on.
ROMEO [punning on his word]

Pink for flower.

Pink for flower.

pink for flower.

pink for flower.

MERCUTIO [brief, amused confirmation]

Right.

Right.

right.

right.

ROMEO [riffing further on the pun]

Why, then is my pump well flowered.

Then my shoe must be well decorated with flowers.

Then my shoe must have nice flowers on it.

my shoe has flowers then

"" A pump was a light shoe; shoes were decorated with cut-out patterns called 'pinking.' So 'pump well flowered' = shoe with flower-patterned holes in it — completing the chain pink → flower → shoe.
MERCUTIO [egging on the wordplay]

Sure wit, follow me this jest now, till thou hast worn out thy pump,

that when the single sole of it is worn, the jest may remain after the

wearing, solely singular.

Clever wit, keep following this joke until you've worn out your shoe, so that when the sole is worn through, the joke will last longer than the shoe—purely a singular joke.

Okay, smart guy, keep going with this joke until you wear out that decorated shoe, and the joke will outlast the shoe itself—pretty clever.

keep the joke going it's outlasting your shoe

"" Triple: sole (shoe-bottom) / solely (only) / soul (spirit). The pun chain keeps multiplying.
ROMEO [triumphant with the wordplay]

O single-soled jest, solely singular for the singleness!

Oh single-soled joke, alone and unique for its singleness!

Oh what a uniquely single-soled joke!

such a single joke lol

"" Both thin-soled (cheap shoe) and weak-souled (a feeble joke). Romeo turns Mercutio's pun back on him as a mock-criticism.
MERCUTIO [mock-exhausted, calling a truce]

Come between us, good Benvolio; my wits faint.

Come between us, good Benvolio; my wit is failing.

Step between us, Benvolio; I'm losing it.

benvolio help i'm losing it

Why it matters This is Mercutio admitting Romeo is winning the wit-combat — a notable moment. Mercutio is the sharpest mind in the play and Romeo is actually beating him. His transformation from lovesick groaner to sharp comedian is total.
ROMEO [pressing on, competitive]

Swits and spurs, swits and spurs; or I’ll cry a match.

Come on, faster and faster; or I'll declare victory.

Come on, keep going, or I'll say I won.

go faster or i'll win

"" Switch (a riding whip) and spurs — commands to urge a horse faster. Romeo tells Mercutio to gallop his wit or be beaten.
MERCUTIO [conceding with a joke]

Nay, if thy wits run the wild-goose chase, I am done. For thou hast

more of the wild-goose in one of thy wits, than I am sure, I have in my

whole five. Was I with you there for the goose?

No, if your wit goes off on wild pursuits, I give up. You have more wild-goose madness in one of your wits than I have in all five of mine. Did I get you with that joke about the goose?

No way, if you're gonna chase wild geese with your wit, I'm done. You've got more crazy energy in one brain cell than I have in all five. Did I get you with the goose thing?

you're chasing wild geese i'm done did i get you??

"" A type of horse race where horses had to follow the lead horse's exact path, however erratic. Mercutio uses it for Romeo's unpredictable wit-chain. This is the origin of the modern phrase.
"" The five wits: common wit, imagination, fantasy, estimation, memory — the five faculties of the mind in Renaissance psychology.
ROMEO [landing the final punchline]

Thou wast never with me for anything, when thou wast not there for the

goose.

You were never with me for anything, unless it was for the goose—the joke.

You were never on my side except when you were making the goose joke.

you only get me for goose jokes

MERCUTIO [mock threat, affectionately]

I will bite thee by the ear for that jest.

I will bite you by the ear for that joke.

I'm gonna bite your ear for that one.

i'm biting your ear for that lol

ROMEO [playfully deflecting the threat]

Nay, good goose, bite not.

No, good goose, don't bite.

No, come on, don't bite me.

don't bite me goose lol

MERCUTIO [admiring the sharp banter]

Thy wit is a very bitter sweeting, it is a most sharp sauce.

Your wit is a bitter-sweet fruit, it's a very sharp sauce.

Your wit is bitter-sweet, real cutting stuff.

your wit is bitter & sharp

"" A variety of apple — sweet but with a sharp edge. Mercutio compliments Romeo's wit while noting its bite.
ROMEO [topping him yet again]

And is it not then well served in to a sweet goose?

And doesn't it work well with a sweet goose?

Doesn't that go well with a sweet goose?

pairs well w the goose right

MERCUTIO [marveling at his own stretch]

O here’s a wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an

ell broad.

Oh here's a wit like chervil—it stretches from one inch narrow to an ell wide.

Oh wow, a wit like chervil—stretches from tiny to huge.

your wit stretches from tiny to huge

"" Soft kid leather — easily stretched. Mercutio praises Romeo's wit for its flexibility: it can extend in any direction.
"" A unit of measurement — about 45 inches, roughly a yard. Romeo's one-inch pun stretches to yard-wide territory.
ROMEO [capping the joke triumphantly]

I stretch it out for that word broad, which added to the goose, proves

thee far and wide a broad goose.

I extend that interpretation—your word "broad" added to the goose proves you far and wide to be a broad goose.

I'm using that word "broad" to show you're a broad goose—getting around everywhere.

you're a broad goose lmao

MERCUTIO [delighted his old friend is back]

Why, is not this better now than groaning for love? Now art thou

sociable, now art thou Romeo; now art thou what thou art, by art as

well as by nature. For this drivelling love is like a great natural,

that runs lolling up and down to hide his bauble in a hole.

Why, isn't this better than moaning about love? Now you're sociable, now you're truly Romeo; now you're what you are, by skill as well as by nature. This slobbering love is like a fool who runs around with his mouth open, hiding his toy in a hole.

Isn't this better than whining about love? Now you're back to being normal Romeo; you're yourself again, both naturally and by effort. This lovesick thing is like some guy running around with his tongue out, hiding his toy.

better than moaning about love you're yourself again this lovesick thing is pathetic

"" A congenital fool — someone born with an intellectual disability. Mercutio compares besotted love to idiocy.
"" A jester's stick — but used here with obscene secondary meaning. Mercutio ends the speech with characteristic vulgarity.
Why it matters Mercutio's moment of genuine happiness. He's been waiting for weeks for Romeo to snap out of the Rosaline misery — and he reads the restored Romeo as proof that love-madness has passed. He doesn't know it's been replaced by something even more intense. His joy here makes what happens to him in 3-1 devastating.
🎭 Dramatic irony Mercutio is thrilled to see Romeo 'restored' — sociable, sharp, himself again. He reads the transformation as recovery from lovesickness. He doesn't know Romeo is more deeply in love than ever, just with a different person. The restored Romeo isn't over love; he's been transformed by it into someone Mercutio can recognize. That distinction will cost Mercutio his life in 3-1.
BENVOLIO [interrupting the bawdy riff]

Stop there, stop there.

Hold it right there.

Hold on, hold on.

wait wait wait

MERCUTIO [mock-offended at being cut off]

Thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair.

You're asking me to stop my story against my nature—against what I want to do.

You want me to stop my story when I'm just getting going.

you're making me stop when i don't wanna

BENVOLIO [dry, knowing retort]

Thou wouldst else have made thy tale large.

Otherwise you would have made your story much longer.

Otherwise your story would've been way longer.

your story woulda been longer

MERCUTIO [feigning innocence]

O, thou art deceived; I would have made it short, for I was come to the

whole depth of my tale, and meant indeed to occupy the argument no

longer.

Oh, you're wrong; I would have made it short, because I had reached the end of my tale and didn't mean to spend more time on this topic anyway.

No, you're wrong; I would've kept it short because I was already done with it anyway and wasn't gonna talk about it more.

nah i was done w it

Enter Nurse and Peter.
ROMEO ≋ verse [amused, announcing the Nurse]

Here’s goodly gear!

A sail, a sail!

Here's a wonderful sight! A sail, a sail!

What a sight! A sail, a sail!

a sail!

"" The Nurse is large and dressed in full skirts — Romeo sees her coming and compares her to a ship under sail. Rude, but period-typical.
MERCUTIO [bawdy joke at her expense]

Two, two; a shirt and a smock.

Two, two—a man's shirt and a woman's undergarment.

Two of them—a guy's shirt and a woman's dress.

two people coming a guy & a girl

NURSE [sharp, summoning her man]

Peter!

Peter!

peter!

peter!

PETER [quick, dutiful reply]

Anon.

In a moment.

Coming.

coming

NURSE [curt, flustered command]

My fan, Peter.

My fan, Peter.

my fan, peter.

my fan, peter.

MERCUTIO [insulting jab at her looks]

Good Peter, to hide her face; for her fan’s the fairer face.

Good move, hide her face with the fan, because the fan is prettier than her face.

Good move, hide her face with the fan—the fan's prettier anyway.

hide her face the fan looks better lol

NURSE [breezy greeting, oblivious to the trap]

God ye good morrow, gentlemen.

God grant you a good morning, gentlemen.

Good morning, gentlemen.

good morning guys

MERCUTIO [mock-courtly tease, needling her already]

God ye good-den, fair gentlewoman.

God grant you good evening, fair gentlewoman.

Good day to you, fair lady.

good day pretty lady

"" Good afternoon/evening — Mercutio deliberately gives the wrong time of day to set up confusion. It's morning.
NURSE [puzzled, sensing she's being mocked]

Is it good-den?

Is it already evening?

Is it already afternoon?

already afternoon huh

MERCUTIO [bawdy joke, relishing the pun]

’Tis no less, I tell ye; for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the

prick of noon.

It is no less, I tell you, because the crude hand of the clock is now pointing at noon.

It is, I'm telling you—the clock hand is pointing right at noon.

yeah it's noon check the clock

"" The exact stroke of noon — but 'prick' carried its obscene meaning in Elizabethan English, and Mercutio deploys it deliberately to shock the Nurse.
NURSE [indignant, scolding his crudeness]

Out upon you! What a man are you?

Shame on you! What kind of man are you?

Come on! What's wrong with you?

what kind of guy are you

ROMEO [wry self-mockery, deflecting]

One, gentlewoman, that God hath made for himself to mar.

Someone whom God has made and then decided to ruin.

Someone God made and then decided to mess up.

just a guy god made to ruin lol

NURSE [missing the joke, eager to find Romeo]

By my troth, it is well said; for himself to mar, quoth a? Gentlemen,

can any of you tell me where I may find the young Romeo?

By my faith, that's well said—to ruin himself, you're saying? Gentlemen, can anyone tell me where I can find young Romeo?

That's well put—to ruin himself, you're saying? Guys, can anyone tell me where to find young Romeo?

where can i find young romeo

ROMEO [playful evasion, toying with her]

I can tell you: but young Romeo will be older when you have found him

than he was when you sought him. I am the youngest of that name, for

fault of a worse.

I can tell you, but Romeo will be older by the time you find him than he was when you looked for him. I'm the youngest person with that name, for lack of a better candidate.

I can tell you, but Romeo'll be older by the time you find him. I'm the youngest Romeo around, for what it's worth.

i'll find him but he's prob older now i'm youngest romeo here

Why it matters Romeo's pun-within-an-introduction: he's revealing himself while pretending not to.
NURSE [approving, taking him at his word]

You say well.

You say well.

you say well.

you say well.

MERCUTIO [mocking her gullibility]

Yea, is the worst well? Very well took, i’faith; wisely, wisely.

Yes, did the worst turn out well? Very cleverly said, truly; wisely, wisely.

Did he handle that well? Very clever, really smart.

clever move real smart

NURSE [dignified, brushing off the teasing]

If you be he, sir, I desire some confidence with you.

If you're him, sir, I want to have a private conversation with you.

If you're him, I'd like to talk to you privately.

need to talk to you alone

"" The Nurse means 'conference' — a private meeting. Her malapropism is characteristic; she reaches for formal words and lands slightly off.
BENVOLIO [amused aside, needling Mercutio]

She will endite him to some supper.

She will invite him to supper.

She's inviting him to dinner.

she's asking him to dinner

MERCUTIO [gleeful taunt, hunting-cry mockery]

A bawd, a bawd, a bawd! So ho!

A woman who arranges affairs! So there!

She's gonna set him up! There!

she's gonna hook him up lol

"" A hunting cry — the call when the quarry is spotted. Mercutio pretends the Nurse is game being hunted.
"" A procuress — a woman who facilitates sexual arrangements. Mercutio is being deliberately offensive, knowing the Nurse will hear him.
ROMEO [mildly curious, playing along]

What hast thou found?

What have you found?

What did you find?

what'd you find

MERCUTIO [relishing his own bawdy jest]

No hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie, that is something

stale and hoar ere it be spent.

No rabbit, sir, unless it's a rabbit in a Lenten pie—something stale and moldy.

No rabbit, unless there's a rabbit in a Lenten pie—something old and moldy.

no rabbit unless an old one in a pie

"" A pie eaten during Lent — often made with meat of dubious freshness. Mercutio implies the Nurse is old and past her best.
"" Grey/white with age — but also a pun on 'whore.' The song that follows plays these same puns.
[_Sings._]
MERCUTIO [singing a bawdy taunt at her expense]

An old hare hoar,

And an old hare hoar,

Is very good meat in Lent;

But a hare that is hoar

Is too much for a score

When it hoars ere it be spent.

Romeo, will you come to your father’s? We’ll to dinner thither.

An old gray hare, And an old gray hare, Is very good meat in Lent; But a hare that is gray Is too costly for a dozen When it turns gray before it's eaten. Romeo, will you come to your father's house? We'll go to dinner there.

An old gray hare, An old gray hare, Makes good meat for fasting season; But a hare that's gone gray Costs too much for what it's worth Once it's aged and showing its years. Romeo, come on over to your father's place. We're heading there for dinner.

old gray hare makes good lent meat but stale gray hare costs too much romeo let's go to dinner

ROMEO [distracted, barely engaged]

I will follow you.

I'm going to come after you.

I'm right behind you.

i'll follow

MERCUTIO [parting jab at her age]

Farewell, ancient lady; farewell, lady, lady, lady.

Goodbye, old lady; goodbye, lady, lady, lady.

Goodbye, old lady; bye, bye, bye.

bye old lady

[_Exeunt Mercutio and Benvolio._]
NURSE [indignant at his insolence]

I pray you, sir, what saucy merchant was this that was so full of his

ropery?

I beg you, sir, what impudent rogue was this who was full of his tricks?

Sir, who was that cheeky guy with all those insults?

who was that rude guy

"" Roguery — lewd, crude speech. The Nurse uses the slightly wrong word (ropery for roguery), which is her consistent verbal tic.
ROMEO [fondly exasperated, defending his friend]

A gentleman, Nurse, that loves to hear himself talk, and will speak

more in a minute than he will stand to in a month.

A gentleman, Nurse, who loves to hear himself talk, and will say more in a minute than he'll stand behind in a month.

A gentleman, Nurse, who loves the sound of his own voice and says way more than he'll back up later.

a guy who loves talking says stuff he won't back up

Why it matters Romeo's affectionate, accurate description of Mercutio — and a hint of his own slight distance from Mercutio's excesses. He defends him while also gently qualifying him.
NURSE [fuming, defending her honor]

And a speak anything against me, I’ll take him down, and a were lustier

than he is, and twenty such Jacks. And if I cannot, I’ll find those

that shall. Scurvy knave! I am none of his flirt-gills; I am none of

his skains-mates.—And thou must stand by too and suffer every knave to

use me at his pleasure!

And if he says anything against me, I'll take him down, even if he were stronger than he is, and twenty like him. And if I can't, I'll find those who can. Dirty scoundrel! I'm not one of his loose girls; I'm not one of his criminal friends. And you must stand by and let every scoundrel treat me as he likes!

If he says anything about me, I'll take him down—even if he were tougher, and twenty more like him. And if I can't, I'll find someone who can. Gross jerk! I'm not one of his girls or his thug friends. And you're just standing there letting every guy treat me like trash!

if he says anything i'll take him down why are you letting them treat me like that

"" Flirtatious common women — 'gill' was a generic female name for low-class women.
"" Associates of knaves — from 'skain' (a skein, but also possibly a knife). The Nurse says she's not part of his lowlife crew.
Why it matters The Nurse's social dignity is real to her even if it's comic to us. She has a strong sense of her own respectable standing, and Mercutio's mockery has genuinely stung. Her anger humanizes her beyond comic relief.
PETER [blustering, all bark no bite]

I saw no man use you at his pleasure; if I had, my weapon should

quickly have been out. I warrant you, I dare draw as soon as another

man, if I see occasion in a good quarrel, and the law on my side.

I saw no man treat you wrongly; if I had, my weapon would have come out quickly. I assure you, I would fight as soon as anyone else if I saw a good reason and the law was on my side.

I didn't see anyone mistreat you; if I had, I would've pulled out my weapon. I'd fight just as fast as anyone if I had a good reason and the law backing me up.

didn't see that would fight if needed if law was on my side

Why it matters Peter's one real speech is a perfect comic deflation: he insists he'd have acted, while pointedly qualifying that it requires a good reason and the law to be on his side. He is, in short, the least useful bodyguard imaginable.
NURSE [still shaking with anger]

Now, afore God, I am so vexed that every part about me quivers. Scurvy

knave. Pray you, sir, a word: and as I told you, my young lady bid me

enquire you out; what she bade me say, I will keep to myself. But first

let me tell ye, if ye should lead her in a fool’s paradise, as they

say, it were a very gross kind of behaviour, as they say; for the

gentlewoman is young. And therefore, if you should deal double with

her, truly it were an ill thing to be offered to any gentlewoman, and

very weak dealing.

ROMEO. Nurse, commend me to thy lady and mistress. I protest unto

thee,—

Before God, I'm so upset that I'm shaking all over. Dirty scoundrel! Please, sir, a word: as I told you, my young lady asked me to find you out. What she asked me to say, I'll keep to myself. But first let me tell you, if you lead her into false hope, as they say, it would be very bad behavior; for the girl is young. And if you trick her, it would be a terrible thing to do to any young lady, and very dishonorable.

I'm so mad I'm shaking. That jerk! Sir, listen—my lady asked me to find you. What she wanted me to say is private. But I'm warning you: if you get her hopes up and let her down, that's awful behavior, especially since she's young. If you two-face her, that's a terrible thing to do and really low.

i'm so mad my lady's asking abt u don't fake her out she's young & will get hurt

"" A delusion of happiness — to lead someone there is to make them believe in a love that isn't real.
"" To act duplicitously, to give false promises — the Nurse is measuring Romeo's honesty before she'll deliver Juliet's message.
Why it matters The Nurse delivers her speech of warning before she'll confirm anything — this is the scene's pivot from comedy to actual consequence. Her care for Juliet is genuine and touching. She's a flawed messenger, but she loves the girl she's carrying messages for.
NURSE [warming, delighted for Juliet]

Good heart, and i’faith I will tell her as much. Lord, Lord, she will

be a joyful woman.

Sure, and truly I will tell her as much. Lord, Lord, she will be a happy woman.

Sure, I'll tell her that. God, she'll be so happy.

she'll be so happy

ROMEO [puzzled, feels unheard]

What wilt thou tell her, Nurse? Thou dost not mark me.

What will you tell her, Nurse? You're not listening to me.

What are you gonna tell her, Nurse? You're not hearing me.

you're not listening to me

NURSE [earnest reassurance]

I will tell her, sir, that you do protest, which, as I take it, is a

gentlemanlike offer.

I will tell her, sir, that you declare your love, which, as I understand it, is a gentlemanly offer.

I'll tell her you're declaring yourself, which is a nice gentlemanly thing.

i'll tell her you're serious that's gentlemanly

ROMEO ≋ verse [urgent, laying out his plan]

Bid her devise

Some means to come to shrift this afternoon,

And there she shall at Friar Lawrence’ cell

Be shriv’d and married. Here is for thy pains.

Tell her to find a way to come to confession this afternoon, and there at Friar Lawrence's room she'll confess her sins and be married. Here's payment for your trouble.

Tell her to get to confession this afternoon. At Friar Lawrence's place she can confess and get married. Here's some money for your help.

come to confession this afternoon get married at the friar's here's money 4 u

"" Confession — the sacrament of confessing sins to a priest. Juliet has permission to go to 'shrift'; this is her cover story for the wedding.
"" Absolved — given the priest's forgiveness after confession. Romeo pairs it with 'married': two sacraments in one afternoon.
Why it matters The logistics of the wedding are laid out. 'Shrift' is both the cover story (she's going to confession) and real (Friar Lawrence will hear confession before the wedding). The details matter — they will all reappear when the plan begins to unravel.
NURSE [prim refusal of payment]

No truly, sir; not a penny.

Absolutely not, sir; not even a penny.

No way, I don't need payment.

not taking money

ROMEO [gently insistent]

Go to; I say you shall.

Come on, I'm telling you to take it.

Come on, just take it.

just take it

NURSE [matter-of-fact agreement]

This afternoon, sir? Well, she shall be there.

This afternoon, sir? Well, she will be there.

This afternoon? Okay, she'll be there.

she's coming

ROMEO ≋ verse [conspiratorial, joy barely contained]

And stay, good Nurse, behind the abbey wall.

Within this hour my man shall be with thee,

And bring thee cords made like a tackled stair,

Which to the high topgallant of my joy

Must be my convoy in the secret night.

Farewell, be trusty, and I’ll quit thy pains;

Farewell; commend me to thy mistress.

And wait, good Nurse, behind the abbey wall. Within this hour my servant will be with you and bring you rope ladders so I can climb to the height of my happiness in the secret night. Goodbye, be trustworthy, and I'll reward your efforts; goodbye, give my regards to your mistress.

And stay behind the abbey wall. Within an hour my servant will bring you rope ladders so I can climb to her tonight. Goodbye, keep this secret, and I'll pay you well for your help. Say hello to your mistress.

wait by the abbey wall my guy brings rope ladder i'm climbing to her tonight hang tight & get paid

"" A rope ladder — made of ropes like ship's tackle. Romeo's servant will bring it for the wedding night.
"" The highest point — the topgallant is the topmost sail on a sailing ship. Juliet is the summit of everything Romeo feels.
Why it matters The rope ladder will be the means of their wedding night together — and eventually it becomes the apparatus of tragic irony when exile separates them and there's no more need of it.
NURSE [warm blessing, then hesitates]

Now God in heaven bless thee. Hark you, sir.

Now God in heaven bless you. Listen, sir.

God bless you. Listen, sir.

listen

ROMEO [attentive, affectionate]

What say’st thou, my dear Nurse?

What do you say, my dear Nurse?

What is it, Nurse?

what

NURSE ≋ verse [protective, testing his discretion]

Is your man secret? Did you ne’er hear say,

Two may keep counsel, putting one away?

Is your servant discreet? Haven't you heard it said that two people can keep a secret only if one is dead?

Can your servant keep his mouth shut? Haven't you heard that two people can only keep a secret if one is dead?

can he keep a secret?? two people can't keep one

Why it matters The Nurse quotes a proverb about secrecy — a slightly ominous reminder that secrets in this play have a way of not staying kept. The wedding that depends on secrecy is built on fragile foundations.
ROMEO [confidently reassuring]

I warrant thee my man’s as true as steel.

I assure you my servant is as loyal as steel.

I promise my guy is completely trustworthy.

my guy's loyal af

NURSE [fond, rambling gossip]

Well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. Lord, Lord! When ’twas a

little prating thing,—O, there is a nobleman in town, one Paris, that

would fain lay knife aboard; but she, good soul, had as lief see a

toad, a very toad, as see him. I anger her sometimes, and tell her that

Paris is the properer man, but I’ll warrant you, when I say so, she

looks as pale as any clout in the versal world. Doth not rosemary and

Romeo begin both with a letter?

Well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. Lord, Lord! When she was a little chattering thing—oh, there is a nobleman in town, one Paris, who would like to pursue her, but she, good soul, would rather see a toad than see him. I make her angry sometimes and tell her Paris is a better man, but I assure you, when I say so, she turns as pale as any cloth in the whole world. Don't rosemary and Romeo start with the same letter?

Well, sir, my mistress is so sweet. When she was little and talking a lot—there's this guy Paris in town who wants her, but she'd rather see a toad. I mess with her and say Paris is better-looking, but she goes pale as a ghost. Doesn't rosemary and Romeo start with the same letter?

she's sweet af paris wants her but she hates him romeo & rosemary both start w r right

"" A nautical phrase for boarding a ship and claiming it — Paris is trying to stake his claim on Juliet.
"" The entire world — 'versal' for 'universal.' The Nurse's verbal habit of reaching for grand-sounding words.
"" The herb associated with remembrance — used at weddings and funerals. The Nurse's linking of Romeo and rosemary is charming in its simplicity, but rosemary's dual association foreshadows the play's end.
Why it matters The Nurse's digression about Paris is actually narratively loaded — it confirms that Juliet has already rejected Paris internally, long before her parents know about Romeo. And the rosemary detail, apparently trivial, links Romeo to the herb of remembrance that appears at both weddings and burials.
🎭 Dramatic irony The Nurse's detail that Juliet goes pale at the mention of Paris is part of a deception the Nurse will later enable and then abandon — she will eventually counsel Juliet to marry Paris after Romeo's banishment. The loyalty she demonstrates here in 2-4 is real, but it is not unconditional.
ROMEO [playing along, teasing back]

Ay, Nurse; what of that? Both with an R.

Yes, Nurse, what about that? Both with an R.

Yeah, Nurse, so what? Both with R.

yeah both r

NURSE [delighted in her own wit]

Ah, mocker! That’s the dog’s name. R is for the—no, I know it begins

with some other letter, and she hath the prettiest sententious of it,

of you and rosemary, that it would do you good to hear it.

Ah, you're mocking me! That's a dog sound. R is for the—no, it starts with something else, and she has this cute little saying about you and rosemary that you'd love to hear.

Stop making fun of me! That's a dog bark. The letter starts with... no wait, something different. Anyway, she's got this adorable rhyme about you and rosemary.

stop mocking me she's got a cute rhyme 'bout you & rosemary

"" R was literally called 'the dog's letter' for its growling sound. The Nurse makes this observation, then muddles herself about which letter rosemary starts with — it also starts with R.
"" The Nurse's near-miss for 'sentence' or 'saying' — one of her characteristic verbal stumbles. She means a little verse Juliet has composed.
Why it matters Pure character comedy — the Nurse's attempt to sound learned by using big words almost correctly. Her muddle about which letter rosemary starts with (it also starts with R) is genuinely funny. But the rosemary-Romeo connection she's hinting at is real: both are associated with remembrance.
ROMEO [courteous, wrapping up]

Commend me to thy lady.

Give my regards to your lady.

Say hi to your lady for me.

say hi to your lady

NURSE [brisk, calling for Peter]

Ay, a thousand times. Peter!

Yes, absolutely! A thousand times, Peter!

Definitely! I'll tell her that over and over, Peter!

absolutely ill tell her a million times peter

[_Exit Romeo._]
PETER [dutiful, quick response]

Anon.

In a moment.

Coming.

coming

NURSE [bustling, hurrying him along]

Before and apace.

Go ahead, quickly.

Get going, fast.

go fast

[_Exeunt._]

The Reckoning

This scene exists as a kind of last long breath before everything turns. Romeo and Mercutio at full comic velocity together, trading puns faster than the audience can catch them. Shakespeare gives us this precisely so we know what's at stake in 3-1. We need to see Mercutio alive and electric before we see him die. The Tybalt challenge that opens the scene also quietly sets the clock ticking — the duel is already coming; the wedding is about to happen; these two facts are on a collision course and nobody in the play knows it except the audience.

If this happened today…

Think of two best friends who've been out of sync — one has been moping over a breakup for weeks while the other's been losing patience. Then one day the moper shows up grinning and sharp again, and the energy between them is immediately exactly what it used to be. That's the first half of this scene. The second half is the same guy trying to relay serious information to a contact while his friend, still in comic mode, refuses to let it be serious.

Continue to 2.5 →