← 1.2
Act 1, Scene 3 — Before the gates of Athens
on stage: —
Next: 1.4 →
Original
Faithful Conversational Text-message
The argument Pirithous departs for war; Hippolyta and Emilia reflect on male friendship and Emilia remembers Flavina, her childhood companion, arguing that the love between two maids can surpass any love between man and woman.
Enter Pirithous, Hippolyta and Emilia.
PIRITHOUS [calling a halt, the parting point]

No further.

No further.

In other words: no further.

no further

HIPPOLYTA ≋ verse [sending fervent blessings for his success]

Sir, farewell. Repeat my wishes

To our great lord, of whose success I dare not

Make any timorous question; yet I wish him

Excess and overflow of power, an ’t might be,

To dure ill-dealing fortune. Speed to him!

Store never hurts good governors.

Sir, goodbye. Tell our great king my wishes, and I don't dare to worry about his success; yet I wish him more power than he can possibly use, if it's possible, to fight against bad luck. Go quickly to him! Having plenty of supplies never hurts a good leader.

Sir, goodbye. Tell Theseus I wish him well. I'm not worried about him succeeding—I just want him to have every advantage he can get. Get going! A good leader always needs plenty of supplies.

tell theseus i wish him well go fast plenty supplies help a good leader

PIRITHOUS ≋ verse [humbly offering his own devoted blessing]

Though I know

His ocean needs not my poor drops, yet they

Must yield their tribute there. My precious maid,

Those best affections that the heavens infuse

In their best-tempered pieces keep enthroned

In your dear heart!

Even though I know his power doesn't need my tiny contribution, still my loyalty must pay its respect there. My dear friend, may the best love that heaven gives stay forever in your beautiful heart!

Look, I know my gift is tiny compared to Theseus's power, but I'm giving what I can anyway. Emilia, I hope all the best affections heaven has to give stay in your heart.

my gift is small but i give it emilia may u have all the best affections

EMILIA ≋ verse [quietly affirming her heart is his]

Thanks, sir. Remember me

To our all-royal brother, for whose speed

The great Bellona I’ll solicit; and

Since in our terrene state petitions are not

Without gifts understood, I’ll offer to her

What I shall be advised she likes. Our hearts

Are in his army, in his tent.

Thanks, sir. Remember me to our royal brother, and for his quick return I'll pray to the great goddess Bellona; and since in the world, prayers aren't heard without gifts as payment, I'll offer to her something I think she likes. Our hearts are with him in his army, in his tent.

Thanks. Tell Theseus I'm thinking of him. I'll pray to Bellona to make him move fast. And since the gods expect gifts when you pray to them, I'll figure out what she wants and give it to her. Our hearts are with his army.

tell theseus hi ill pray to bellona for his speed gods want gifts not just prayers our hearts r in his army

HIPPOLYTA ≋ verse [asserting soldierly resolve, urging him on]

In ’s bosom.

We have been soldiers, and we cannot weep

When our friends don their helms, or put to sea,

Or tell of babes broached on the lance, or women

That have sod their infants in—and after eat them—

The brine they wept at killing ’em. Then if

You stay to see of us such spinsters, we

Should hold you here for ever.

In his heart. We have been soldiers, and we can't cry when our friends put on their helmets or go to sea, or when we hear that babies were speared on lances or that women cooked their own infants and then ate them—infants they cried over when they killed them. So if you saw us act like that kind of weeping woman, you'd stay here forever.

In his heart. We've been soldiers, so we're not the type to cry when guys we love put on their armor and go to war. Soldiers do unthinkable things—they stab babies, women kill their own kids out of desperation. If you saw us fall apart like typical grieving women, you'd never leave.

we were soldiers we dont cry soldiers do horrible things if u saw us grieve ud stay forever

"tell of babes broached on the lance, or women / That have sod their infants in — and after eat them" Horrifying atrocity stories from ancient warfare — the boiling of infants was an extreme image of maternal anguish at conquest. Hippolyta uses it to prove her own hardness. The image is extreme even by Elizabethan standards.
PIRITHOUS ≋ verse [a brief blessing before departing for war]

Peace be to you

As I pursue this war, which shall be then

Beyond further requiring.

May peace be with you as I pursue this war, and when it's done, I'll need nothing more.

Take care of yourself. I'm going to finish this war, and after that, I won't need anything else.

peace to u ill finish this war nothing else matters

[_Exit Pirithous._]
EMILIA ≋ verse [marveling at Pirithous's devoted longing]

How his longing

Follows his friend! Since his depart, his sports,

Though craving seriousness and skill, passed slightly

His careless execution, where nor gain

Made him regard, or loss consider, but

Playing one business in his hand, another

Directing in his head, his mind nurse equal

To these so differing twins. Have you observed him

Since our great lord departed?

Look how his mind follows his friend! Since his friend left, even the sports and games that need seriousness and skill, he's done carelessly—he doesn't care if he wins or loses, but doing one activity while thinking about another, his mind equally handles these two different tasks. Have you noticed him since our great king left?

See how his head's always on his friend? Ever since his buddy left, he's been really careless with his games and sports, even though they need skill and focus. He plays them without caring if he wins or loses—he's doing one thing while thinking about another. His mind can handle both equally. Have you noticed this?

hes thinking about his friend all the time he doesnt care about winning or losing his mind is split

HIPPOLYTA ≋ verse [recounting the deep bond forged in danger]

With much labour,

And I did love him for ’t. They two have cabined

In many as dangerous as poor a corner,

Peril and want contending; they have skiffed

Torrents whose roaring tyranny and power

I’ th’ least of these was dreadful; and they have

Fought out together where Death’s self was lodged;

Yet fate hath brought them off. Their knot of love,

Tied, weaved, entangled, with so true, so long,

And with a finger of so deep a cunning,

May be outworn, never undone. I think

Theseus cannot be umpire to himself,

Cleaving his conscience into twain and doing

Each side like justice, which he loves best.

With great effort I observed him, and I loved him for it. The two of them have been through many situations as dangerous and difficult as can be, Where peril and deprivation battled for dominance; they have navigated Violent torrents whose roaring force and power Even in their least intense moments were dreadful; and they have Fought together in places where Death itself dwelled; Yet fate has brought them both through safely. Their bond of love, tied, woven, tangled together with such truth and length, Fastened with such deeply clever skill, May be worn out over time, but it can never be undone. I believe Theseus cannot judge himself fairly, Dividing his conscience in two and treating Each side as if it deserves justice, which he loves most.

I watched him carefully with a lot of effort, and I loved him for it. The two of them have been through some of the worst situations you can imagine, Fighting their way through danger and poverty together; they've gotten through Huge roaring torrents that were absolutely terrifying; And they've fought side by side in places where Death was literally standing nearby; But somehow fate got them both out alive. Their love for each other is so deeply tied together and twisted with truth and time, Bound together with such a deep and clever kind of knot, That it might wear out eventually, but it can never actually come undone. I think Theseus can't be fair about his own feelings, Because he's torn his conscience in half and loves Both sides equally, and that's what he loves most.

watched him carefully & loved him for it the two of them survived hell together fought thru violent torrents death was right there but they got out their love bond is so woven it can't break even if it wears out theseus can't judge his own heart he loves both sides equally

"Their knot of love, / Tied, weaved, entangled" One of the play's recurring knot images — friendship as something woven and tightened over time, contrasting with the sudden, violent love-at-first-sight of the cousins in Act 2.
EMILIA ≋ verse [wistfully recalling her childhood friend Flavina]

Doubtless

There is a best, and reason has no manners

To say it is not you. I was acquainted

Once with a time when I enjoyed a playfellow;

You were at wars when she the grave enriched,

Who made too proud the bed, took leave o’ th’ moon

Which then looked pale at parting, when our count

Was each eleven.

There's no question about it, and reason itself would agree that it's you. I once had a playfellow whom I loved; you were away at war when she enriched the grave—she was so alive it made the bed seem empty without her—she said goodbye to the moon, which looked pale when she departed, when we were both eleven years old.

You're obviously the best one to love, and there's no arguing that. I had a best friend when I was younger—Flavina. You were away fighting when she died. She was so full of life, and the grave seemed too small for her. The moon even looked sad when she died. We were both just eleven.

u r the best i had a best friend flavina she died when i was eleven god she was alive

HIPPOLYTA [gently supplying the name from memory]

’Twas Flavina.

’Twas Flavina.

In other words: ’twas flavina.

’twas flavina

EMILIA ≋ verse [mourning her innocent, irreplaceable childhood love]

Yes.

You talk of Pirithous’ and Theseus’ love.

Theirs has more ground, is more maturely seasoned,

More buckled with strong judgement, and their needs

The one of th’ other may be said to water

Their intertangled roots of love; but I,

And she I sigh and spoke of, were things innocent,

Loved for we did, and like the elements

That know not what nor why, yet do effect

Rare issues by their operance, our souls

Did so to one another. What she liked

Was then of me approved, what not, condemned,

No more arraignment. The flower that I would pluck

And put between my breasts, O, then but beginning

To swell about the blossom—she would long

Till she had such another, and commit it

To the like innocent cradle, where, phœnix-like,

They died in perfume. On my head no toy

But was her pattern; her affections—pretty,

Though haply her careless wear—I followed

For my most serious decking; had mine ear

Stol’n some new air, or at adventure hummed one

From musical coinage, why, it was a note

Whereon her spirits would sojourn—rather, dwell on,

And sing it in her slumbers. This rehearsal,

Which fury-innocent wots well, comes in

Like old importment’s bastard—has this end,

That the true love ’tween maid and maid may be

More than in sex individual.

You talk about Pirithous's and Theseus's love. Theirs has more foundation, is more mature, more strengthened by strong judgment, and their needs for each other water their tangled roots of love; but she and I were innocent things, loving because we did, and like the elements that don't know what or why, yet create rare things by how they work, our souls did so to each other. What she liked was then approved by me, what she didn't, I condemned, no more questioning. The flower I'd pick and put between my breasts—just beginning to swell with the blossom—she would long for until she had one like it, and put it in the same innocent cradle, where like a phoenix, they died in perfume. On my head nothing that wasn't her pattern; her affections, though maybe careless on her, I followed for my own careful decoration; if my ear had caught some new song or hummed one, it was a note her spirits would dwell on and sing in her sleep. This explanation, which innocent fury knows well, comes in like an old saying's illegitimate child—it has this point: that true love between woman and woman can be deeper than romantic love between the sexes.

Pirithous and Theseus's love is real, but it's built on solid ground and mature judgment, and they need each other to survive. My friendship with Flavina was different—it was innocent and pure. We loved each other just because, without thinking about it, like how the elements just naturally combine and create something beautiful. If she liked something, I loved it. If she didn't, I hated it. We'd find the same flowers and keep them together until they died in perfume. Every style she wore, I copied. If she heard a song, I'd hum it until we both dreamed about it. I'm telling you this because I want you to understand something: a woman's love for another woman can be just as real and just as deep as romantic love between men or men and women.

my love with flavina was innocent and pure we did everything together she liked what i liked hated what i hated womans love 4 a woman can be as deep as romance

"the true love 'tween maid and maid may be / More than in sex individual" A startlingly direct statement for the Elizabethan stage. 'More than in sex individual' means 'more than love between the sexes' — Emilia is not merely fond of Flavina; she is making a philosophical claim that pre-sexual devotion between girls can surpass heterosexual love.
Why it matters This speech is the key to understanding Emilia's entire arc in the play. Her inability to choose between Palamon and Arcite, her reluctance to marry, her distress at the tournament — all of it flows from this: her one complete love is already dead, and nothing since has compared.
HIPPOLYTA ≋ verse [gently teasing out Emilia's real meaning]

You’re out of breath;

And this high-speeded pace is but to say

That you shall never, like the maid Flavina,

Love any that’s called man.

You're out of breath; and this rushing pace is just to say that you'll never, like the woman Flavina, love any man.

You're breathing hard. All you're really saying is that you'll never love a man the way you loved Flavina.

ur out of breath basically ur saying u wont love any man

EMILIA [quiet, firm certainty]

I am sure I shall not.

I'm certain I won't.

I know I won't.

i wont

🎭 Dramatic irony Emilia says she is certain she will never love a man — and the audience who knows the play knows she will be given to one as a prize, with another dying for her. Her certainty makes the play's cruelty more precise.
HIPPOLYTA ≋ verse [gently doubting her sister, then pivoting]

Now, alack, weak sister,

I must no more believe thee in this point—

Though in ’t I know thou dost believe thyself—

Than I will trust a sickly appetite,

That loathes even as it longs. But sure, my sister,

If I were ripe for your persuasion, you

Have said enough to shake me from the arm

Of the all-noble Theseus; for whose fortunes

I will now in and kneel, with great assurance

That we, more than his Pirithous, possess

The high throne in his heart.

Now, oh sister, I can't believe you on this—even though I know you believe yourself—any more than I'd trust a sick appetite that hates what it wants. But sister, if I were open to being convinced, you've said enough to make me leave Theseus; but for his sake I'll go kneel with certainty that we, more than his Pirithous, hold the highest place in his heart.

Okay, sister, I don't believe you, and I know you think you mean it, but that's like trusting a sick person's eating habits. But look, if I was actually open to what you're saying, you'd almost convince me to leave Theseus. But I'm going to go kneel for him instead, because I'm pretty sure we women love him more than Pirithous does.

i dont believe u even tho u believe urself u almost convinced me to leave theseus but we love him more than pirithous

EMILIA ≋ verse [respectfully standing her ground]

I am not

Against your faith, yet I continue mine.

I'm not going against your faith, yet I stay with mine.

I'm not saying you're wrong, but I'm still sticking with what I believe.

im not against u im just staying with my beliefs

[_Exeunt._]

The Reckoning

This is a quiet, crucial scene — the women left behind while the men go to war, talking about love. Emilia's speech about Flavina is one of the most moving passages in the play: a meditation on innocent, pre-sexual devotion so complete that it makes adult love look mechanical by comparison. Hippolyta suspects her sister will never truly love a man. Emilia agrees. The audience is left with a character whose most profound love is already dead — and who will have two men die for her before the play ends.

If this happened today…

Two sisters see their friend off at the airport — he's flying to join a humanitarian mission. The older sister says he's been distracted since his best friend left last week, barely sleeping. The younger one says she gets it — she remembers her childhood best friend who died at eleven. They were inseparable. She imitated everything she did, wore what she wore, hummed the tunes she hummed. That kind of love doesn't happen twice. Her sister says gently: 'You know you'll probably fall in love with a man eventually.' The younger one looks out the window. 'I really don't think so.'

Continue to 1.4 →